Cotrimoxazole
Cotrimoxazole The fixed dose combination of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole is called cotrimoxazole. They are combined because of their synergistic activity. The combination ratio of both drugs is 1:5. Mechanism of action- Inhibit the metabolic process of folic acid synthesis. The combination has bactericidal against many organisms. Indications- Urinary tract infection, -Respiratory tract infection; URTI, LRTI, chronic bronchitis, otitis media etc, - Bacterial diarrhea and dysentery. - Pneumocystic carinii, toxoplasmosis,...
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Sulfonamides Sulfonamides were the first antimicrobial agent effective against pyogenic bacterial infection. They are primarily bacteriostatic against many gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. It is also called “sulpha” drug. Now most of bacteria are resistance against sulpha drug. Mechanism of action- It inhibits bacterial folate synthesis, which converts PABA to folic acid, resulting in folic acid deficiency and injury to bacterial cell. This injured cell can be easily phagocytosed. Indication- Urinary tract...
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Penicillin Penicillin group of medicines are used to treat large number of infection related to various body system. Penicillin’s are classified into various categories based on an antimicrobial spectrum. 1. Natural Penicillin: These are very active against gram-positive cocci but ineffective against most strains of staphylococcus aureus. These are: 2. Penicillinase-resistant penicillin: These are effective against penicillinase producing staphylococcus aureus but are less effective against gram-positive cocci than...
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